Black Sea & the Neighbouring Countries

The Vikings & the Rus’

“The Rus’ were ruthless when it came to enslaving local populations and transporting them south ... So many were captured that the very name of those taken captive - Slavs - became used for all those who had their freedom taken away: slaves ... Beautiful women were particularly highly prized, sold on to merchants in Khazaria and Volga Bulgharia who would then take them further south - though not before their captors had sexual intercourse with them one last time ... Slavery was a vital part of Viking society and an important part of its economy ...”

[The Silk Roads by Peter Frankopan, Page 114]

The Expansion of the Russian Empire

Indo-Soviet Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation - August 1971

عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم « عُمْرَانُ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ خَرَابُ يَثْرِبَ وَخَرَابُ يَثْرِبَ خُرُوجُ الْمَلْحَمَةِ وَخُرُوجُ الْمَلْحَمَةِ فَتْحُ قُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةَ وَفَتْحُ الْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةِ خُرُوجُ الدَّجَّالِ »

Narrated by Muadh ibn Jabal (r.a) that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said, “The flourishing state of Jerusalem will be when Yathrib will be desolate; the desolate state of Yathrib will be when the great war comes; the outbreak of the great war will be the conquest of Constantinople; and the conquest of Constantinople will be Dajjal’s coming forth.”

[Abu Dawood, Kitab-ul-Malahim (36), 4294] (Hasan)

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أَجَعَلْتُمْ سِقَايَةَ الْحَاجِّ وَعِمَارَةَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ كَمَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَجَاهَدَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۚ لَا يَسْتَوُونَ عِندَ اللَّهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ ۞

“Have you really thought that providing of water for the pilgrims of Hajj / Umrah and the maintenance of al-Masjid al-Haram is equal to [the deeds of] one who believes in Allah and the Last Day and strives in the cause of Allah? They are not equal in the sight of Allah. And Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people.”

[Surah At-Taubah (9), 19]

وَلَا تَرْكَنُوا إِلَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا فَتَمَسَّكُمُ النَّارُ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ مِنْ أَوْلِيَاءَ ثُمَّ لَا تُنصَرُونَ ۞

“And incline not toward those who do wrong lest the Fire touch you, and ye have no protecting friends against Allah, and afterward ye would not be helped.”

[Surah Hud (11), 113]

Allah does NOT Require Our Help

قُلْنَا يَا نَارُ كُونِي بَرْدًا وَسَلَامًا عَلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ۞

“Allah said, ‘O fire, be coolness and safety upon Ibrahim.’”

[Surah Al-Anbiya (21), 69]

قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ ... سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ «مَنْ رَأَى مِنْكُمْ مُنْكَرًا فَلْيُغَيِّرْهُ بِيَدِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِلِسَانِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِقَلْبِهِ وَذَلِكَ أَضْعَفُ الْإِيمَانِ »

Abu Saeed (r.a) said “... I heard the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) say, ‘Whoever among you sees an evil action, let him change it with his hand (by taking action); if he cannot, then with his tongue (by speaking out) ; and if he cannot, then with his heart (by hating it and feeling it is wrong), and that is the weakest of faith.’”

[Muslim, Kitab Al-Emaan (1), 177]

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Every Cloud Has A Silver Lining To It
مشکل حالات میں بھی اُمید کی کرن ہوتی ہے

What We Must NOT Do!

وَلَا تَسُبُّوا الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ فَيَسُبُّوا اللَّهَ عَدْوًا بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ ۗ كَذَٰلِكَ زَيَّنَّا لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ عَمَلَهُمْ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِم مَّرْجِعُهُمْ فَيُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ ۞

“And do not insult those they invoke other than Allah, lest they insult Allah in enmity without knowledge. Thus We have made pleasing to every community their deeds. Then to their Lord is their return, and He will inform them about what they used to do.”

[Surah Al-Anam (6), 108]

Allah is Calling to Protect the Oppressed

وَمَا لَكُمْ لَا تُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَالْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَاءِ وَالْوِلْدَانِ الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا أَخْرِجْنَا مِنْ هَٰذِهِ الْقَرْيَةِ الظَّالِمِ أَهْلُهَا وَاجْعَل لَّنَا مِن لَّدُنكَ وَلِيًّا وَاجْعَل لَّنَا مِن لَّدُنكَ نَصِيرًا ۞

“And what is with you that you fight not in the cause of Allah and [for] the oppressed among men, women, and children who say, ‘Our Lord, take us out of this city of oppressive people and appoint for us from Yourself a protector and appoint for us from Yourself a helper?’”

[Surah An-Nisa (4), 75]

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Battlefield for Armageddon?
Or Somewhere Else?

What the Best Jihad?

عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ أَنَّ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَيُّ الْجِهَادِ أَفْضَلُ قَالَ « كَلِمَةُ حَقٍّ عِنْدَ سُلْطَانٍ جَائِرٍ »

Narrated by Tariq ibn Shihab (r.a) that a man asked the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w), “What is the best jihad?” He (s.a.w) replied, “A word of truth in front of a tyrannical ruler.”

[Musnad Ahmad, 18449] (Sahih)

The Sunnah of Prophet Ibrahim (e.s)

أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِي حَاجَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي رَبِّهِ أَنْ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ الْمُلْكَ إِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ رَبِّيَ الَّذِي يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ قَالَ أَنَا أُحْيِي وَأُمِيتُ ۖ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْتِي بِالشَّمْسِ مِنَ الْمَشْرِقِ فَأْتِ بِهَا مِنَ الْمَغْرِبِ فَبُهِتَ الَّذِي كَفَرَ ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ ۞

[Surah Al-Baqarah (2), 258]

عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ « مَثَلُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي تَوَادِّهِمْ ، وَتَرَاحُمِهِمْ ، وَتَعَاطُفِهِمْ مَثَلُ الْجَسَدِ إِذَا اشْتَكَى مِنْهُ عُضْوٌ تَدَاعَى لَهُ سَائِرُ الْجَسَدِ بِالسَّهَرِ وَالْحُمَّى »

Narrated by Numan bin Bashir (r.a), the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said, “The likeness of the believers in their mutual love, mercy and compassion is that of the body. When one part of it is in pain, the rest of the body joins it in restlessness and fever.”

[Muslim, Kitab Al-Birr (45), 6586]

A Believer will NOT Make the Same Mistake

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ قَالَ « لاَ يُلْدَغُ الْمُؤْمِنُ مِنْ جُحْرٍ وَاحِدٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ »

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (r.a) that the Prophet (s.a.w) said, “A believer is not stung twice out of one and the same hole.”

[Bukhari, Kitab Al-Adab (78), 6133]

عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ « لَا تَزَالُ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ أُمَّتِي عَلَى الْحَقِّ ظَاهِرِينَ لَعَدُوِّهِمْ قَاهِرِينَ لَا يَضُرُّهُمْ مَنْ خَالَفَهُمْ إِلَّا مَا أَصَابَهُمْ مِنْ لَأْوَاءَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُمْ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ وَهُمْ كَذَلِكَ » قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَأَيْنَ هُمْ قَالَ « بِبَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ وَأَكْنَافِ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ »

[Musnad Ahmad, 22320] (Daif)

عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم « عُمْرَانُ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ خَرَابُ يَثْرِبَ وَخَرَابُ يَثْرِبَ خُرُوجُ الْمَلْحَمَةِ وَخُرُوجُ الْمَلْحَمَةِ فَتْحُ قُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةَ وَفَتْحُ الْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةِ خُرُوجُ الدَّجَّالِ »

Narrated by Muadh ibn Jabal (r.a) that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said, “The flourishing state of Jerusalem will be when Yathrib will be desolate; the desolate state of Yathrib will be when the great war comes; the outbreak of the great war will be the conquest of Constantinople; and the conquest of Constantinople will be Dajjal’s coming forth.”

[Abu Dawood, Kitab-ul-Malahim (36), 4294] (Hasan)

Suleiman the Magnificent
1566 CE / 974 H

The Expansion of the Russian Empire

عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ أَسِيدٍ الْغِفَارِىِّ قَالَ اطَّلَعَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- عَلَيْنَا وَنَحْنُ نَتَذَاكَرُ فَقَالَ « مَا تَذَاكَرُونَ ». قَالُوا نَذْكُرُ السَّاعَةَ. قَالَ « إِنَّهَا لَنْ تَقُومَ حَتَّى تَرَوْنَ قَبْلَهَا عَشْرَ آيَاتٍ ». فَذَكَرَ الدُّخَانَ وَالدَّجَّالَ وَالدَّابَّةَ وَطُلُوعَ الشَّمْسِ مِنْ مَغْرِبِهَا وَنُزُولَ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وَيَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ وَثَلاَثَةَ خُسُوفٍ خَسْفٌ بِالْمَشْرِقِ وَخَسْفٌ بِالْمَغْرِبِ وَخَسْفٌ بِجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ وَآخِرُ ذَلِكَ نَارٌ تَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ تَطْرُدُ النَّاسَ إِلَى مَحْشَرِهِمْ

[Muslim, Kitab Al-Fitn (52), 7285]

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Those Left Behind in Jihad & Yet Praised

وَلَا عَلَى الَّذِينَ إِذَا مَا أَتَوْكَ لِتَحْمِلَهُمْ قُلْتَ لَا أَجِدُ مَا أَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ تَوَلَّوا وَّأَعْيُنُهُمْ تَفِيضُ مِنَ الدَّمْعِ حَزَنًا أَلَّا يَجِدُوا مَا يُنفِقُونَ ۞

“Nor [is there any blame] upon those who, when they came to you that you (O Prophet) might give them mounts, you said, ‘I can find nothing for you to ride upon.’ They turned back while their eyes overflowed with tears out of grief that they could not find something to spend [for the cause of Allah].”

[Surah At-Taubah (9), 92]

To Isolate During the Time of Fitna

عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم « يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَكُونَ خَيْرَ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِ غَنَمٌ، يَتْبَعُ بِهَا شَعَفَ الْجِبَالِ وَمَوَاقِعَ الْقَطْرِ، يَفِرُّ بِدِينِهِ مِنَ الْفِتَنِ »

Narrated by Abu Said Al-Khudri (r.a) that the Prophet (s.a.w) said, “There will come a time when the best property of a Muslim will be sheep which he will take to the tops of mountains and the places of rainfall so as to flee with his religion from the afflictions.”

[Bukhari, Kitab Al-Fitn (92), 7088]

Efforts of Khilafat Movement (1)

“The first formal session of the Khilafat Conference was held at Amritsar in December 1919, which was well attended by Muslims and Hindus. It was decided that a sum of Rs. 10 lakh should be raised for the Khilafat Fund and a delegation should proceed to England to present the demands of Muslims ...”

[Islam & Pakistan’s Identity by Dr. Javid Iqbal, Page 201]

From Khilafat to Hijrat Movement

“However the Jamiat-ul-Ulema issed a Fatwa that if the Turkish peace terms were carried out against the wishes of Muslims, India would become Dar-ul-Harb and it would be obligatory for Muslims to migrate (Hijrat). In the summer of 1920, it was brought home to the Muslims that the time of migration (Hijrat) from India to Afghanistan (Dar-al-Islam) had arrived ... Eighteen thousand were on the move.”

[Islam & Pakistan’s Identity by Dr. Javid Iqbal, Page 204-205]

The Rest of the Hijrat Movement

“The total number of emigrants is estimated at between 500,000 and 2,000,000. The poor and downtrodden Muslims were completely uprooted. Afghanistan, a sterile country, was in no position to accomodate emigrants from India. Consequently the Afghan authorities forbade their admission. The emigrants were forced back and their individual sufferings were indeed horrendous.”

[Islam & Pakistan’s Identity by Dr. Javid Iqbal, Page 205]

Poor Position of the Muslim Leadership

“At the meeting of the All-India Khilafat Committee in July 1921, Madani introduced a fatwa, passed unanimously, that it was illegitimate for any Muslim to serve in the British army ...
In February 1922, Gandhi ended the campaign after an episode of violence.”

[Muslims against the Muslim League, Page 40]

“The membership of the League was skeletal, and as per the annual report of the AIML, in early 1920 it did not cross 1200.”

[Jinnah: India, Partition, Independence; Jaswant Singh; Page 56]

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